What is arthritis
Types of arthritis,Arthritis is a common disease, but a serious disease. It causes swelling, pain, stiffness and movement in the joints of the body. Due to which the organs affected by it are not able to work properly. It can affect various joints of the body. As age increases, its possibility also increases. We cannot consider arthritis as a single disease, rather it is a group of more than 100 diseases in the body. Which can put the whole body in a serious condition.
How many types of arthritis are there? And why is it important to understand it
There are many types of arthritis in which the symptoms and treatment of each arthritis are also different. For example, osteoarthritis is a common disease that occurs with increasing age, while rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease. Therefore, it is important for you to first know the symptoms of this disease so that it can be treated properly. If its symptoms are identified at the right time, then this disease can be stopped from progressing, which can avoid serious problems.
Early detection and timely treatment
If the initial symptoms of arthritis are detected, it can be cured by timely treatment. And the disease can be slowed down. Early treatment of arthritis can reduce pain. The inflammation caused by it can be prevented. And the patient’s life can be improved. Therefore, it should always be kept in mind that if someone constantly complains of pain, swelling, stiffness in the knee or joints, then get it checked by a doctor as soon as possible.
Osteoarthritis (OA)
What is it?
Osteoarthritis is the earliest symptom of arthritis. Which usually occurs with increasing age. It is caused by friction in the joints. In the medical language, it is also called “wear and tear“. The specialty of this disease is that the soft tissue between the joints gradually starts to break down due to which the bones start rubbing against each other and due to this, various types of pain, swelling and stiffness start occurring in the body.Types of arthritis
Generally, it affects some parts of the body more such as the joints of knees, hips, spine and hands.
Its general symptoms
- Pain in joints especially after walking or any kind of activity.
- Stiffness in the body after waking up in the morning or after rest.
- Swelling or swelling in the joints. *Difficulty in walking, standing, sitting etc.
- Gradual deformation of the places where the problem is occurring.
Causes of the disease and its risks
Increasing age: Cartilage becomes weak with increasing age.
Overuse of any part: Overuse of any part of the body.
Any kind of injury or surgery: Surgery of any old fracture or joint.
Genetics: Family history (someone has had it before).
Being obese: Excessive body weight puts pressure on the joints.
Women: This disease is more common in women than men.
Causes of this
- People who participate in sports, heavy labour or physical activities.
- People who work for long hours by sitting or standing.
- Bad lifestyle.
Options for its treatment
1. Lifestyle changes
- Weight control.
- Keeping the body in physical activity like:- Yoga, swimming, light exercises.
- Including a balanced diet in your daily routine.
2. Medicines
- Pain relievers like paracetamol, NSAIDs
- Medicines that reduce inflammation
- Topical creams or gels used for pain
3.Physiotherapy
- Exercises that strengthen joints or make them flexible
- Thermal therapy (home remedies, hot, cold, fomentation)
4.Assistive devices used
- Walker, stick or knee support available in medical
- Special shoes or insoles used
5.Previous surgery (in severe cases)
- Joint transplant in the past
- Arthroscopy (cleaning of joints)
- Osteoarthritis is a disease that occurs with increasing age. Because with increasing age, bones also start weakening, it cannot be cured completely, but if a person knows its symptoms closely at the right time and takes timely treatment and special care, then it can be cured. You can live a normal life again. Types of arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
What is it?
This is a very serious problem because it is an autoimmune disease. In this, the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy joints, due to which the body starts having various types of joint problems, for example, swelling in the joints, pain, stiffness and bone pain over time, as well as erosion of cartilage. Apart from this, it also affects various parts of the body such as lungs, eyes, skin and heart.
Affected joints and progression of the disease
Usually RA starts affecting small organs of the body. Which include small and rheumatic joints. It affects it gradually. If its symptoms are not recognized, then it
- Permanently damages the joints of the body.
- It can damage the affected joints. Due to which it can become deformed.
- Can make a regular lifestyle difficult.In this way, RA causes inflammation in the synovial membrane (joint membrane) inside the joints of the body. Due to which the bones and cartilage around the joints start getting damaged.
Symptoms and its diagnosis
Its main symptoms
- Mainly swelling and pain in the joints (especially in the morning)
- Problem of stiffness in the morning (more than 30 minutes)
- Feeling tired and weak quickly.
- Fever.
- Loss of appetite.
- Swelling, redness and feeling of heat in small joints.
Its treatment and diagnosis
- Methods of blood test: RA factor, Anti ccp antibody, ESR and CRP.
- MRI/X-Ray: Changes are observed to examine the affected areas.
- Regular physical examination: This shows the speed of swelling and heat of the joints.
Using modern treatment
RA is a serious problem for which there is no permanent cure. But if its symptoms are identified and treated at the right time, then this disease can be cured and the lifestyle of the patient can be improved.
1. Use of medicines
- DMARDS: For example, methotrexate, with this treatment the speed of this disease can be slowed down.
- Biologic Agent: Like Adalimumab, Etanercept, with this an attempt is made to control the response of the immune system.
- NSAID: With its use, pain and swelling are reduced.
- Steroids: It is used when there is a serious problem on the joints.
Physiotherapy and exercise are better
You must do regular exercise so that the movement of the joints remains. Its use strengthens the muscles. Physical activities such as stretching and muscle training under the supervision of a physiotherapist. Types of arthritis
Lifestyle changes
- Adequate rest with good sleep.
- Balanced diet.
- Avoid stress.
- Avoid smoking (it can worsen RA)
Surgery (only in severe cases)
- Removal or replacement of the affected or damaged joint.
- Reconstruction of the joint.
RA is a very serious problem which needs special attention. Therefore, if it is identified at the right time and treated properly, the patient can have a better life.
Psoriatic Arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis is a type of psoriasis. Which is related to arthritis. Especially in this, there is swelling in the joints, pain, rough patches, stiffness in the body and red spots appear on the skin. Generally, this disease affects the fingers of the hands, spine and knees more. The best way to treat it is to do a blood test and check the skin joints. So that its problem can be reduced.
GOUT
The main reason for increasing pain in this is GOUT. Which is a type of uric acid. This causes very severe pain. Which occurs suddenly. This pain occurs in the big toe. And due to this, swelling and burning starts in the joints. The main reason for this is the possibility of it increasing due to the use of more meat, alcohol and seafood. Therefore, medicines and diet control are especially necessary for its treatment. So that it can be reduced.
Ankylosing spondylitis
The problem of Ankylosing spondylitis mostly occurs in the spine. The affected area gets swollen. Due to which it causes back pain and stiffness along with a bent posture. If the right treatment is done at the right time, then these bones can join together. For its correct treatment, along with exercise, physiotherapy and medicines should be given to reduce swelling.
Juvenile Arthritis
This problem is a type of arthritis which occurs especially in children below 16 years of age. In this, there is swelling especially in the joints. There is difficulty in walking and pain always persists. This arthritis is of a different type. It causes damage to the growing body. For its treatment, doctor’s consultation and exercise are better.
Lupus Arthritis
It is usually an autoimmune disease that is a part of Lupus Arthritis, Cystic Lupus Erythematosis (SLE). This disease is especially caused by the body’s immune system attacking healthy joints. Its symptoms include joint pain, swelling and physical fatigue. Most of the treatment for this is steroids, immune promoting medicines and regular checkups.
When to go to the doctor
Do not ignore some signs
- Pain or swelling in your joints that is persistent.
- Stiffness in the body for about 30 minutes as soon as you wake up in the morning.
- Redness or pain in the joints when touched.
- Difficulty in daily activities (such as difficulty in walking, sitting, standing, etc.)
- Red rashes on the skin.
*Fatigue, fever, loss of appetite.
Importance of early treatment for this
It is best to identify and treat arthritis as early as possible.
- The disease can be prevented from progressing.
- The damage to the joints can be prevented.
- The amount of medicines and side effects can be reduced.
Conclusion
Arthritis is a very serious problem which can be treated by identifying it at the right time and taking the right information. It can be of many types. By identifying the symptoms on time, the damage caused by it can be avoided with the advice of experts. The disease can be cured with your correct information, regular checkups and a better lifestyle. If you see any kind of symptoms, then consult experts for this, so that you do not have any kind of serious problem in the future.Types of arthritis
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written by Suraj Horo
